文质彬彬·每日好词语｜卧游

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整理/秦珍子 制图/张玉佳

卧游
以观赏山水画代替游历山水，借以体味山水之乐。南朝画家宗炳晚年因病无法游历名山大川，于是将游玩过的山水绘成画作挂在墙上，以卧游的方式权当山水之游。这一术语体现了古代文人乐山乐水的传统，还肯定了艺术对于人生的特殊意义，推动了绘画艺术的发展。
Enjoy Sceneries Without Physically Travelling
Artists often admire natural scenery beholding landscape paintings rather than traveling to actual spots. When the Southern Dynasty painter Zong Bing, due to illness in old age, could no longer tour great mountains and rivers, he painted the landscapes he had once seen and then hung the works on the wall, thus fulfilling his dream of seeing those beautiful sights again. This term illustrates the tradition of loving mountains and rivers among ancient literati, affirms the significance of art to life, and promotes the art of painting.
引例1：（宗炳）有疾还江陵。叹曰：“老疾俱至，名山恐难遍睹，唯当澄怀观道，卧以游之。”凡所游履，皆图之于室。（《宋书·宗炳传》）（[宗炳]生病之后回到江陵。他感叹说：“我老了，又病了，恐怕难以遍游名山，只有放空心灵，向内省察而领悟真谛，在屋里躺着观看山水画而权当亲身游历。”于是将自己游玩过的地方都画出来挂在室内墙上。）
Zong Bing returned to Jiangling to convalesce. With a sigh he said, "I'm old and sick, so touring famous mountains and rivers is now quite beyond me. What I should do is to unleash my soul and look inwardly to seek truth. I can look at landscape paintings even when lying in bed, as if I were actually there." Thus he hung on the wall all the paintings he had done of the places he had been to. (The History of the Song of the Southern Dynasties)
引例2：一畦杞菊为供具，满壁江山入卧游。（倪瓒《顾仲贽来闻徐生病差》）（以一畦枸杞和菊花为酒食，满壁的山水画都可躺着观赏。）
With a plot of wolfberries and chrysanthemums to go with my wine, I rove the landscapes covering the walls while reclining in my bed. (Ni Zan: Gu Zhongzhi Visits to Find Mr. Xu Fully Recovered)

                                 【责任编辑：王素洁,郝帅】